基于隐结构模型联合关联规则探讨中医药治疗脑小血管病的方药规律OA

This study aimed to explore the prescription patterns of TCM in the treatment of cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD)based on latent structure model combined with association rules and provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment based on syndrome differentiation.Multiple databases including PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,SinoMed,ITMCTR,and ChiCTR were searched from their inception to November 17,2025.Literature related to TCM prescriptions for CSVD was selected,and a database of TCM prescriptions was established using Microsoft Excel 2019.Lantern 5.0 and Rstudio were used to conduct latent structure analysis and association rule analysis on high-frequency TCMs with a frequency＞4.00%to explore the prescription patterns of TCM in the treatment of CSVD.A total of 126 TCM prescriptions involving 164 TCMs and 1 313 total frequencies were included.High-frequency TCMs included Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Pheretima,Astragali Radix,Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma,and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,with the main efficacy shown by tonic TCMs and blood-activating and stasis-resolving TCMs.Latent structure analysis identified 12 latent variables,24 latent classes,6 comprehensive clustering models,and 17 core prescriptions.Based on the prescriptions,the common syndromes of CSVD were speculated to be Qi deficiency with blood stasis,liver-kidney Yin deficiency,intermingled phlegm and stasis,and wind-phlegm obstructing the collaterals.Association rule analysis identified 39 strong association rules,with Astragali Radix→Chuanxiong Rhizoma having the highest support and Paeoniae Radix Rubra+Persicae Semen→Chuanxiong Rhizoma having the highest confidence.CSVD is a syndrome characterized by deficiency in nature and excess in superficiality,with Qi deficiency and essence depletion as the fundamental aspects,and turbid phlegm and blood stasis as the manifestations.The treatment principles should focus on tonifying Qi,activating blood,and nourishing the liver and kidney,as well as resolving phlegm,dispelling stasis,subsiding wind,unblocking the collaterals,pacifying liver,and subduing Yang.