基于cGAS/STING信号通路分析蜂毒肽对骨关节炎大鼠软骨细胞凋亡及关节功能的影响OA

Objective To explore the effect of melittin on chondrocyte apoptosis and joint function in rats with osteoarthritis(OA)and analyze its potential mechanism based on the cGAS/STING signaling pathway.Methods Fifty SD rats were evenly divided into five groups:Con(control),OA,L-M(0.5 mg/kg melittin intraperitoneal injection),H-M(1 mg/kg melittin intraperitoneal injection),and Vadi-mezan(1 mg/kg melittin+25 mg/kg Vadimezan intraperitoneal injection).The degree of joint swelling and the functional scores were evaluated.Cartilage damage and chondrocyte apoptosis were observed using Safranin O-Fast Green and TUNEL staining.The levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β,IL-6,and IFN-γ were detected.Western blotting was used in order to analyze the expression of apoptosis-re-lated proteins and key proteins in the cGAS/STING signaling pathway.Results Melittin significantly reduced the joint swelling degree,functional scores,inflammatory cytokine levels,and chondrocyte apoptosis rate in OA rats.It upregulated Bcl-2 expression and downre-gulated Bax,caspase-3,cGAS,and STING expression(P<0.05).Conclusion Melittin may effectively alleviate inflammatory responses and chondrocyte apoptosis in rats with OA by inhibiting the cGAS/STING signaling pathway,thereby reducing cartilage tissue damage and improving joint function.