ICU患者谵妄药物防治研究进展OA

Delirium is a common acute cerebral dysfunction syndrome in critically ill patients,The incidence of delirium in intensive care unit(ICU)patients is as high as 50%to 80%.Delirium can lead to prolonged mechanical ventilation,ICU and hospital stays,increased mortality,and medical costs,as well as affecting long-term cognitive function.Because the pathophysiological mechanism of delirium is unclear,pharmacological prevention and treatment of delirium in ICU patients remains to be further explored.Common prophylactic medications for delirium include antipsychotics,dexmedetomidine,melatonin,statins,ketamine,and other agents,but current guidelines do not recommend any drug for routine prophylactic use against delirium.However,drugs used to treat delirium,such as antipsychotics,dexmedetomidine,clonidine,and valproic acid,have side effects and lack sufficient evidence.Currently,research on the prevention and treatment of delirium lacks clearly effective pharmacological agents,and further in-depth investigation remains necessary.