吐鲁番斗鸡杂化现状及品种保护建议OA

Turpan fighting cocks,as a unique local livestock and poultry genetic resource in Xinjiang,have been listed in the national protection catalog due to their distinctive fighting traits,strong environmental adaptability,and unique cultural value.However,in recent years,factors such as the introduction of foreign breeds,differences in breed standards,unclear distribution boundaries,and an imperfect conservation system have led to a sharp decline in population numbers,intensified phenotypic differentiation,and endangerment of purebred resources.This paper,through a 2022 field survey of fighting chicken populations in Turpan,Aksu,Kashgar,Hotan,and Ili in Xinjiang,analyzes the hybrid status and phenotypic differentiation of Turpan fighting cocks based on phenotypic data such as body appearance and body measurements from each region,combined with historical literature and breed standards.The investigation found significant phenotypic differentiation among chickens from different production areas,a sharp decline in population numbers,inconsistent breed standards for Turpan fighting cocks,a lack of regular genetic monitoring,and insufficient scientific guidance for farmers.In response to these issues,the paper proposes strategies such as refining phenotypic classification standards,establishing core conservation populations and genetic monitoring systems,and integrating cultural heritage with industry development,aiming to provide theoretical support and practical reference for the effective protection and precise management of Turpan fighting chicken genetic resources.