猪胚胎冷冻保存技术研究进展OA

Porcine embryo cryopreservation technology serves as a key approach for the conservation and efficient utilization of pig germplasm resources,as well as for the creation of new gene-edited pig breeds.However,due to the high lipid content in porcine embryos and their extreme sensitivity to low temperatures,the post-thaw survival rate and subsequent developmental potential of cryopreserved embryos still lag significantly behind those of fresh embryos.A technical system capable of supporting large-scale applications has yet to be established.This article systematically introduces the importance of porcine embryo cryopreservation and the limitations of conventional slow-freezing methods.It focuses on discussing the current research status and main directions of vitrification cryopreservation technology,elaborating on recent advances in improving cryoprotectants and optimizing freezing protocols for porcine vitrification.Furthermore,it highlights the latest breakthroughs in using high-throughput sequencing technologies to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of cryo-induced damage in porcine embryos at the transcriptomic and proteomic levels.Finally,it proposes that future efforts should integrate artificial intelligence models,metabolic reprogramming,and automated loading devices to further enhance the developmental potential of cryopreserved embryos,thereby laying a solid foundation for the long-term preservation and industrial application of local pig genetic resources.