催熟化控剂对荞麦成熟特性及品质的影响OA

[Objective]This research aims to address the problem in mechanized harvesting of buckwheat in the northern Loess Plateau due to inconsistent seed maturity,to explore suitable ripening chemical control agents for mechanized harvesting of buckwheat in Northern Shaanxi.[Method]With equal-styled buckwheat va-riety Xinong D4103 as the experimental material,field experiments applying a randomized block design were con-ducted from 2023 to 2024.Distilled water treatment was adopted as the control(CK).During the grain-filling period,hormone-based ripening chemical control agents,such as ethephon(ETH)and thidiazuron(TDZ),and herbicide-based ripening chemical control agents,such as diquat(DCK)and glyphosate(PMG),were sprayed on the leaves of buckwheat.The effects of different ripening chemical control agents on the maturity characteris-tics,seed quality,yield,and yield components of Xinong D4103 were analyzed.[Result]①The herbicide-based ripening chemical control agents DCK and PMG significantly affected the leaf abscission rate and organ water content of buckwheat.The lowest water content in Xinong D4103 was observed under DCK treatment,and the leaf abscission rate was significantly increased by 130.48%after PMG treatment compared with the control.②Ripening chemical control agents significantly affected the seed maturity and grain-filling rate of buckwheat.Compared with CK,TDZ treatment significantly increased the maximum grain-filling rate of Xinong D4103,ex-tended the active grain-filling period,promoted seed filling,and effectively improved the maturity of buckwheat seeds,increased the proportion of mature seeds.③Compared with CK,TDZ treatment increased the starch and protein content of Xinong D4103 and inhibited fat accumulation in buckwheat.Under DCK and PMG treat-ments,the content of soluble sugar,sucrose,and fat was significantly increased,while the content of flavonoids was significantly reduced.④Compared with CK,TDZ treatment of hormone-based ripening chemical control agent significantly increased the number of seeds per plant,the weight of seeds per plant,the thousand-seed weight,and the yield of Xinong D4103.However,the DCK and PMG treatments of herbicide-based ripening chemical control agents reduced the yield and yield components of buckwheat.[Conclusion]TDZ treatment ef-fectively improved the seed maturity of Xinong D4103 and increased buckwheat yield.Upon comprehensive con-sideration,spraying 0.1%thidiazuron(TDZ)on leaves during the grain-filling period is beneficial for improving the maturity characteristics of buckwheat,which can serve as an important basis for mechanized harvesting of buckwheat in the northern Loess Plateau.