tRFs在足细胞损伤与凋亡机制中的研究进展:以阿霉素肾病为模型的新视角OA

Chronic kidney disease(CKD)represents a major public health challenge,and its core pathological feature is podocyte injury.As terminally differentiated cells,podocytes are difficult to regenerate,making them a critical target for CKD prevention and treatment.The adriamycin-induced nephropathy(AN)model specifically induces podocyte injury,effectively mimicking key characteristics of human CKD,including proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis.Recent studies have identified transfer RNA-derived fragments(tRFs)as a novel class of non-coding RNAs that play important regulatory roles in podocyte injury.This review summarizes the mechanisms by which specific tRFs,such as tRF-003634,tRF-013354 and tRF-011690,mediate podocyte inflammation,apoptosis,and cytoskeletal remodeling through the modulation of signaling pathways including TLR4/NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin.These findings reveal new functions of tRFs,provide insights into the pathogenesis of CKD,and highlight both the value and the challenges of their application as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.