"五谷为养"视角下冠心病的药食防治探析OA

Coronary heart disease(CHD)falls under the categories of"chest-bi impediment"and"true cardiac pain"in Chinese medicine.Its pathogenesis is commonly characterized by deficiency at the root and excess at the manifestation,with spleen qi deficiency,lack of source for generating qi and blood,intertwined phlegm and blood stasis,as well as blockage of the heart meridians as key links in the onset and progression of CHD.As an important concept of dietary regulation in Chinese medicine,"Five Grains as Nourishment"emphasizes the use of grains,coarse cereals,and legumes to reinforce the acquired constitution and generate qi and blood.Based on the heart-spleen correlation theory,this study clarifies the narrow and broad connotations of the"five grains",explores the theoretical basis by which five grains participate in the medicinal and dietary prevention and treatment of CHD through pathways such as strengthening the spleen,nourishing the heart,regulating qi and blood,and transforming phlegm and stasis.Furthermore,the modern scientific mechanisms of"Five Grains as Nourishment"are elucidated from the perspectives of staple food structure optimization,the dietary fiber-gut microbiota-bile acid axis,lipid metabolism regulation,inhibition of inflammatory responses,vascular endothelial protection,and management of metabolic risk factors.In clinical application,five-grain dietary therapy is mainly suitable for the stable stage of CHD.On the basis of standardized treatment,grains should be selected according to pattern differentiation,considering common pattern elements such as qi deficiency,blood stasis,phlegm turbidity,yin deficiency,yang deficiency,and cold coagulation.Meanwhile,individualized dietary regimens should be formulated by integrating food forms,grain-legume compatibility,and safety contraindications.Five-grain dietary therapy can serve as a supplementary measure for long-term management of CHD;however,it cannot replace standardized pharmacotherapy or necessary interventional treatment,and its clinical value still requires further validation.