巨噬细胞极化在慢性难愈性创面发病机制中的研究进展OA

Chronic refractory wounds(CRW)are mainly characterized by sustained wound inflammation.With complicated pathogenesis and poor therapeutic outcomes,they severely impair patients'physical and psychological well-being.The dysregulation of macrophage polarization plays a crucial role in perpetuating the inflammatory process in CRW,hindering wound healing.By modu-lating macrophage polarization,it is possible to regulate inflammation levels,enhance angiogenesis and granulation tissue formation,and expedite wound healing,making it a focal point in repair CRW research.Multiple pathways,such as nucleotide-binding oligomer-ization domain-like receptor protein 3/caspase-1(NLRP3/caspase-1),neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1/immunoglobulin Jκ region reambination signal sequence-binding protein(Notch1/RBP-Jκ),Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1(Nrf2/HO-1),and adenylate-activated protein kinase(AMPK),are implicated in the regulation of macrophage polarization.However,further investigation is required to elucidate the specific regulatory mechanisms.Therefore,from the perspec-tive of macrophage polarization,this review summarizes its role in wound healing,key factors influencing chronic refractory wound re-pair,and related molecular mechanisms,so as to provide new therapeutic strategies and directions for CRW.