2014-2022年青岛市市南区15岁以下中小学生和幼托儿童传染病流行特征分析OA

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases among primary and middle school students under 15 years old and kindergarten children in Shinan District of Qingdao City from 2014 to 2022,and to provide scientific basis for formulating and improving targeted prevention and control measures of infectious diseases.Methods The data of confirmed cases of infectious diseases with the onset date from January 1,2014 to December 31,2022 and the current residence in Shinan District were collected from the "China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention".The number of students in kindergartens,primary schools and junior high schools in each year was collected from the "Qingdao Statistical Yearbook".The differences in the incidence of infectious diseases among the 4-15-year-old population in Shinan District were analyzed by time,classification of legal infectious diseases and school stages.Statistical analysis of the data was conducted using R 4.4.1.The incidence and composition ratio of different populations were compared,and the pyramid map was drawn using the ggplot2 and reshape2 packages.Results From January 1,2014 to December 31,2022,the number and incidence of infectious diseases among students and kindergarten children in Shinan District showed a downward trend(χ2=202.21,P＜0.05),from 474 cases(904.89/100 000)in 2014 to 160 cases(266.47/100 000)in 2022.From 2014 to 2022,the average number of reported cases was 416,and the average incidence rate was 753.38/100 000.The average annual reported number of notifiable infectious diseases was 280 cases,the incidence rate was 507.08/100 000,and there were no class A cases.The average number of reported cases in the class B school year was 76,and the incidence rate was 137.64/100 000.The top three annual incidence rates were scarlet fever(132.00/100 000),tuberculosis(1.81/100 000)and novel coronavirus pneumonia(1.61/100 000).The average number of reported cases in the class C school year was 204,and the incidence rate was 369.44/100 000.The top three diseases with annual incidence rates were hand-foot-mouth disease(263.40/100 000),epidemic parotitis(69.02/100 000),and influenza(27.17/100 000).Other infectious diseases were mainly varicella(245.49/100 000).The incidence of all kinds of infectious diseases showed a downward trend(P＜0.05).Low age students focus on scarlet fever,hand-foot-mouth disease,epidemic parotitis and influenza,and strengthen the publicity,education and intervention of tuberculosis and AIDS in high age group.Conclusion From 2014 to 2022,the number and incidence of infectious diseases in primary and middle school students and kindergarten children in Shinan District of Qingdao City showed a significant downward trend.Low age students focus on scarlet fever,hand-foot-mouth disease,epidemic parotitis and influenza,and strengthen the publicity,education and intervention of tuberculosis in high age group.