玉米酒糟衍生硬碳:一种可持续的高倍率、长寿命钠离子电池负极材料OA

Hard carbon(HC)derived from corn-distillers is a sustainable,affordable anode candidate for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),yet its practical deployment has been limited by insufficient reversible capacity.Here we report a temperature-gradient treatment that precisely tailors interlayer spacing,porosity,and graphitization in corn-distillers-derived hard carbon,unlocking exceptional electrochemical performance.The optimized material exhibits an interlayer spacing of 0.378 nm and a dominant pore size of 1.68 nm.It demonstrates outstanding high-rate behavior,achieving 289 and 198 mAh g-1 at 1.0 and 2.0 A g-1,respectively.Additionally,it retains 83%of its capacity after 700 cycles at 2.0 A g-1.Integrating in situ X-ray diffraction with ex situ Raman spectroscopy demonstrates a unique sodium-storage mechanism characterized by both"adsorption-intercalation and pore-filling".This approach helps elucidate the rapid kinetics and long-lasting performance.These results demonstrate that controlled structural tactics of biomass-derived HC can achieve the desired capacity,rate capability,and longevity required for practical SIB anodes—bringing an abundant,waste-derived feedstock dramatically closer to commercialization.