子宫内膜异位症-卵巢纤维化相关分子机制及中医药干预研究进展OA

Endometriosis(EMs)is a common gynecological disease among women of childbearing age,characterized by the implantation and infiltration of ectopic endometrial tissue in the ovaries and other sites.Approximately 60%to 80%of the patients with EMs will eventually develop ovarian fibrosis,a complex pathological process that significantly impairs fe-male ovarian function and fertility.Current research indicates that the occurrence of EMs-ovarian fibrosis is closely relat-ed to abnormal inflammatory and immune responses,oxidative stress,fibrotic molecules such as MMP/TIMP,and signaling pathways like TGF-β/smad.However,modern medicine lacks specific clinical drugs to intervene in EMs-ovarian fibrosis,making the exploration of effective prevention and treatment measures extremely important.Traditional Chinese medicine formulas,single herbs and external therapies can alleviate the inflammatory response of EMs by anti-inflammation,regulat-ing the immune microenvironment,modulating oxidative stress and influencing MMP/TIMP and related signaling pathways,thereby reducing the accumulation of extracellular matrix(ECM)components such as collagen(Col),α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),and fibronectin(FN)and inhibiting fibrosis formation.This review systematically summarized the molecular mechanisms of EMs-ovarian fibrosis and TCM intervention studies,aiming to provide clinical prevention and treatment ideas and theoretical references.