沈阳地区板栗种质资源筛选与评价OA

[Objective]To enrich chestnut germplasm resources in the Shenyang region,systematic observation and evaluation were conducted on 10 excellent individual plants previously selected by our research group,with the aim of identifying candidate individuals with stable continuous fruiting capacity that can be cultivated in the Shenyang area.[Methods]Indicators such as phenological stages,morphological traits,fruit characteristics,and major nutrient components of chestnut were measured.Principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the data collected in 2024,and the trends of trait changes over two consecutive years(2023-2024)were compared and analyzed.[Results]The budding period of the 10 chestnut plants was concentrated in mid-to-late April,and the fruit ripening period was concentrated in mid-to-late September,with relatively stable phenological periods across the two years.The 23-1-8 exhibited outstanding nutritional quality,with superior water content(55.43%),starch content(36.63%),soluble sugar content(10.71%),and protein content(4.97%).The 23-2-1 displayed excellent comprehensive quality and fruit traits,with the largest bur size(longitudinal diameter of 9.02 cm,transverse diameter of 8.41 cm)and single nut weight(13.65 g);its comprehensive indicators,including leaf,inflorescence,fruit size,branch,and nutrient content,were superior to those of most other individual plants.The comprehensive evaluation score of principal components for 23-2-1 was 0.899,ranking first among the 10 individual plants.[Conclusion]Based on the comprehensive performance of tree growth vigor,yield and quality,the 23-2-1 and 23-1-8 were identified as superior candidate plants,which could be used as the key materials for the breeding of excellent chestnut varieties in the Shenyang region.