发电机集电环火花机理与运维改进措施研究OA

To effectively control equipment faults caused by sparks of generator slip rings,this paper systematically analyzes the physical mechanism,grading standards and hazards of spark generation,and puts forward systematic operation and maintenance improvement measures.Based on the multi-physics coupling theory,it is clarified that the fundamental cause of sparks lies in poor contact or high-frequency vibration between carbon brushes and slip rings,which leads to a sharp increase in local electric field intensity and further induces ionization discharge.The multi-source causes of sparks are revealed from four dimensions:material and structure of slip rings,characteristics of carbon brushes,operating environment and dynamic load.The results show that sparks of Grade 2 and above are harmful,which can accelerate wear,ablate the surface,and even cause ring fire accidents.Accordingly,an operation and maintenance system covering daily inspection,graded maintenance,condition-based component replacement,as well as integrated online monitoring and artificial intelligence(AI)is established.By adopting infrared thermal imaging,acoustic acquisition and deep learning models,second-level early warning of abnormalities,fault root cause location and life prediction are realized.The proposed measures can effectively reduce the ring fire risk by more than 80％,promote the maintenance mode to transform from passive emergency repair to active prediction,and significantly improve equipment reliability and operation & maintenance efficiency.