特发性震颤的病理生理机制及外科干预研究进展OA

Essential tremor(ET)is a movement disorder with a predominantly autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance,which is clearly defined by the 2018 International Movement Disorder Society Consensus as a"bilateral postural and/or action tremor of the upper extremities"with symptoms persisting for≥3 years,which may be accompanied by head,voice or lower limb tremor.The pathophysiologic mechanism focuses on abnormal function of the cerebello-thalamo-cortical loop,but the specific molecular pathways have not been fully elucidated.It is often differentiated from Parkinson's disease tremor,functional tremor,metabolic tremor,and pharmacological tremor.The course of ET is insidious,with mild tremor requiring no intervention in the early stages of the disease,and moderate-to-severe patients requiring pharmacological or surgical treatment.This article provides a systematic review of the neural oscillatory mechanisms of ET,genetic and environmental interactions,and evidence-based advances in new techniques for surgical intervention,with the aim of providing a comprehensive reference for clinical practice and research orientation.