基于响应曲面法的固废基地聚合物注浆材料优化OA

Objectives To address the engineering challenge of resource utilization of industrial solid wastes,particularly shield muck,and to optimize a solid waste-based geopolymer grouting material using response surface methodology.Methods A solid waste-based geopolymer grouting material,with shield muck as the primary component and other industrial wastes as supplementary materials,was developed through D-optimal mixture design and response surface methodology.The D-optimal mixture design was em-ployed to determine the optimal proportions of solid powders,including shield muck,slag,steel slag,and fly ash.Subsequently,response surface methodology was used to investigate the effects of activator modu-lus,activator concentration,liquid-to-solid ratio,and binder-to-sand ratio on flowability,28-day compres-sive strength,and flexural strength of the hardened grout.Results Results showed that the grouting material exhibited favorable flowability and mechanical properties when the solid powder proportion consisted of 60%shield muck,20%slag,15%steel slag,and 5%fly ash.Analysis of variance showed that activator concentration had the most significant effect on flowability,followed by activator modulus,binder-to-sand ratio,and liquid-to-solid ratio.As activator concentration increased,the flowability of the grouting material decreased,whereas the 28-day compressive and flexural strengths of the hardened grout increased.Activa-tor modulus had the most significant effect on the 28-day compressive and flexural strengths of the hard-ened grout,followed by activator concentration,binder-to-sand ratio,and liquid-to-solid ratio.As activator modulus increased,flowability improved,whereas the 28-day compressive and flexural strengths decreased.The quadratic prediction models established for flowability,28-day compressive strength,and flexural strength exhibited coefficients of determination greater than 0.9,and the relative errors between predicted and experimental values were less than 8%,indicating high model reliability.Conclusions The developed solid waste-based geopolymer grouting material exhibits excellent flowability and mechanical properties.These findings provide technical guidance for material selection in tunnel grouting projects and offer a fea-sible approach for the resource utilization of shield muck and other industrial solid wastes.