木霉菌剂对生姜茎基腐病防治效果及根际微生态的影响OA

To clarify the synergistic effects of formulated Trichoderma harzianum powder and liquid agents on the control of ginger rhizome rot in the field and their impacts on ginger rhizosphere soil bacteria,soil enzymes and soil nutrients,the plate confrontation assay to determine the inhibitory effect of Trichoderma on the pathogen and a randomized block field experiment in the field control efficacy of agents were employed in this study.High-throughput sequencing technology was used to assess the diversity of rhizosphere bacteria,as well as soil nutrients and enzyme activities were determined by conventional methods.The results showed that the combined application of T.harzianum powder and liquid agents achieved the highest control efficiency against ginger rhizome rot at both the three-fork and major earthing-up stages with the treatment of 15 kg·hm-2 Trichoderma powder applied with spreading into the furrow bottom combined with a 100-fold dilution sprayed along the furrows(T2),with control efficacies of 86.55％and 86.72％,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of other treatments.Compared to the clear water control(T6),the T2 treatment increased the soil organic matter content in the ginger rhizosphere by 38.94％and 17.12％at the three-fork and major earthing-up stages,respectively,and enhanced the economic yield and biological yield by 252.61％and 285.28％,respectively.Furthermore,the alpha diversity indices of the rhizosphere bacteria in T2 including the Chao1,Simpson,Shannon and Observed species,etc,showed not only significant differences from those of T6,but also demonstrated an increase in the relative abundance of beneficial rhizobacteria such as Luteitalea pratensis,Myxococcus fulvus,and Rhodoferax fermentans.Their relative abundances in T2 were 36 060.00,47.63 and 70.57 times higher,than those in T6,respectively.In conclusion,apart from controlling ginger rhizome rot,the combined use of Trichoderma harzianum FU-8-7 powder and liquid agents induces the formation of specific bacterial consortia in the ginger rhizosphere,exhibiting benefits of improving microecology,growth promotion,and yield enhancement.This study provides both an effective bio-agent and a theoretical foundation for controlling ginger rhizome rot.