鄱阳湖流域地下水位时空变化特征及气候因子影响分析OA

[Objective]This study aims to reveal the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of groundwater level in the Poyang Lake Basin and the response mechanisms to extreme drought events,thereby providing a theoretical basis and decision-making references for sustainable water resource management and ecological conservation under climate change.[Methods]Based on data from 116 groundwater observation wells from 2018 to 2022,this study analyzed the spatiotemporal changes in groundwater level and used a geographically weighted regression model to explore the effects of precipitation,evapotranspiration,and sur-face water distribution on groundwater level dynamics.[Results](1)In over 90%of the Poyang Lake Basin,groundwater depth was within 9 m,and in over 50%it was between 4 and 8 m,with greater depth in autumn and winter.(2)Influenced by topography and geomorphology,the groundwater level in the upstream of the river basin reached 200-300 m,while that in the downstream was approximately 20 m.Groundwater generally flowed from mountainous areas to the near-lake plain areas,and the groundwater level dynamics in plain areas showed greater variability.(3)Multi-factor analysis showed that compared to evapotranspiration(contribution<1),surface water distribution and precipitation had a stronger impact on groundwater level fluctuations(contribution>2).(4)The impact of extreme drought in 2022 on groundwater level mainly occurred after July,manifesting as an increase in groundwater depth and a decrease in storage.[Conclusions]Groundwater level in the Poyang Lake Basin is highly sensitive to precipitation changes,and surface water dynamics and precipitation processes are the main driving factors of groundwater level changes.This study can provide a scientific basis for water resource management and ecologically sustainable development in the river basin.