勐海县丘陵山地甘蔗机械化现状分析及发展建议OA

To investigate the constraints on sugarcane mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas and improve the level of full-process mechanization,this study took Menghai County,Yunnan Province,as the research object.It systematically analyzed the mechanization equipment levels and operational quality across four stages-tillage,planting,management,and harvesting-during the 2024/25 crushing season,and conducted field tests on typical machinery.The results showed that the comprehensive mechanization rate of sugarcane production in Menghai County was 64.8％,with tillage at 96.5％,planting at 69.8％,and harvesting at only 24.3％,indicating a severe imbalance across stages.Typical machinery tests revealed that the rotary tillage soil fragmentation rate was only 25.76％—37.66％,failing to meet agronomic requirements.For planters,the pass rates of seed segment length,cut damage rate,and soil covering thickness were all below standards.In the harvesting stage,the cutting height pass rate was only 72.31％—83.33％,and the stubble damage rate reached as high as 96.00％,making it difficult to meet the requirements for ratoon sugarcane production.The main constraints include:insufficient integration of agricultural machinery and agronomic practices,with a mismatch between planting row spacing(0.9-1.0 m)and harvester requirements(≥ 1.1 m);non-uniform terrace widths(4.4-7.5 m)after slope-to-terrace conversion with inadequate field roads;and a low level of informatization in agricultural machinery social services.The study proposes countermeasures including standardizing 1.1 m row spacing,promoting machinery-friendly terrace conversion(widening platforms to ≥6 m with supporting field roads),developing light-duty specialized machinery for mountainous areas,and establishing an information platform for agricultural machinery social services.These findings can provide practical references for the mechanization transformation and upgrading of sugarcane production in hilly and mountainous regions of Southwest China.