甘蔗茎秆农艺性状的遗传分析及优良亲本与家系筛选OA

Breeding new sugarcane varieties is crucial for sustaining the development of the sugarcane industry,and a robust evaluation of parents and their hybrid combinations forms the foundation for achieving breeding objectives.In this study,six major stalk agronomic traits-plant height,stalk diameter,internode length,number of internodes,number of millable stalks,and tiller number-were investigated in F1 populations derived from 62 sugarcane hybrid combinations.Based on a random-effects model,we conducted genetic analyses of the progeny performance of 16 female and 15 male parents,and comprehensively assessed their general combining ability(GCA)as well as the specific combining ability(SCA)of the hybrid combinations.Significant phenotypic variation was observed across traits,with highly significant differences among female parents,male parents,and hybrid combinations,underscoring the strong influence of parent selection and cross configuration on progeny performance.Broad-sense heritability exceeded 0.87 for all traits,with stalk diameter showing the highest heritability(0.9289).Except for stalk diameter,heritability consistently followed the pattern:male parent＞hybrid combination＞female parent.GCA analysis identified GT02-761 and YT91-976(as female parents)and HoCP00-1142 and GT00-122(as male parents)as superior parents,and revealed a pronounced parent-directional difference in the genetic contribution of GT02-761.SC A analysis further highlighted several promising hybrid combinations-HoCP00-1142 × ROC22,GT02-761 × HoCP00-1142,GT04-1001 × FN02-6404,YT91-976 × HoCP00-1142,and YT91-976×ROC22-all showing positive SCA effects across major traits.These results provide valuable parental resources and elite hybrid families for the development of high-yielding,high-sucrose sugarcane varieties,offering important guidance for future breeding programs.