国内外水利工程拦鱼设施技术创新进展与趋势综述OA

From a global perspective,this paper systematically reviews recent advances and emerging trends in fish exclusion technologies.The findings indicate that:① Modern adjustable physical barriers,through structural innovations,have extended their applicability to channel widths of 10～50 m,thereby improving fish exclusion efficiency;② Artificial intelligence-based recognition systems enable high-precision counting and length measurement of target fish species;③ Eco-friendly composite materials,while ensuring blocking,impermeability,or antifouling performance,minimize ecological impacts.Case studies such as the Brandon Road inter-basin staged fish exclusion system and the large-span facilities in China's Central Yunnan Water Diversion Project demonstrate the importance of integrating the principle of ecological priority with intelligent management approaches.Future technological development must address challenges in adapting to extreme environments,achieving multi-objective synergistic optimization,and balancing cost-effectiveness.These efforts will guide the evolution of fish exclusion facilities toward greater intelligence,ecological compatibility,and standardization,thereby providing scientific and technological support for sustainable management of global aquatic ecosystems.