售电商多元电力市场购电策略研究OA

[Objective]To address the coordinated optimization of electricity procurement and sales for retailers in diversified electricity markets and achieve a balance between revenue and risk,this study proposes an effective decision optimization model.[Methods]This research develops a diversified market procurement framework covering medium-and long-term contracts,spot markets,green electricity,distributed generation,and energy storage leasing.It designs two basic retail packages:a fixed single electricity price and a time-of-use price.An expected revenue model for the electricity retailer,considering the user selection ratio,is established.By introducing the Conditional Value at Risk method to quantify market risks,a multi-objective decision optimization model aiming at profit maximization and risk minimization for the retailer is constructed.An improved Whale Optimization Algorithm with an adaptive convergence mechanism is employed for efficient solution.[Results]Case study results show that compared to the original algorithm,the proposed improved Whale Optimization Algorithm converges faster and offers higher optimization precision,resulting in a final robust total profit that is 412,000 yuan higher.When the proportion of users on the time-of-use price package ∂=0.2,the retailer achieves the optimal Conditional Value at Risk,with a risk preference factor ρ=5.5,matching a medium-risk procurement strategy.Analysis of the procurement structure reveals that medium-and long-term contracts and green electricity contracts form the stable core of the procurement portfolio.Distributed generation transactions serve as an important flexible supplement,while spot market and energy storage leasing transactions account for very low proportions,reflecting a refined balance between cost and risk.[Conclusion]These results verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and provide the following decision-making basis for the refined operation of electricity retailers:it is recommended that retailers prioritize building a robust procurement structure based on long-term contracts,actively implement demand response policies while ensuring their own profit maximization,and proactively guide users to optimize their package selection structure towards the golden ratio.