激光粉末床熔融航空金属构件成形效率与工艺稳定性研究进展OA

Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)additive manufacturing technology enables the integrated forming of complex structures,significantly improving material utilization and shortening process routes,thus providing a new approach for the design and manufacturing of high-performance aviation metal components.However,LPBF technology faces critical chal-lenges including low forming efficiency,poor process-quality stability,and difficulties in surpassing the mechanical perfor-mance of conventional processes such as forging and casting.This paper reviews recent domestic and international research progress in three aspects:forming equipment technology for complex components(large-area multi-laser collaborative pro-cessing,high-temperature preheating of build substrates,and dual-laser following printing),process-quality stability control methods(online monitoring of multi-physical parameters of the melt pool,data-driven intelligent machine learning,and beam shaping of irradiation heat sources and their combined application),and numerical simulation prediction methods(pre-diction of melt pool temperature and velocity fields,grain nucleation and growth prediction,and component stress-strain pre-diction).Furthermore,addressing the engineering application bottlenecks of LPBF in the aviation field,three future research directions are proposed:adaptive regulation of multi-laser process parameters,transfer learning-driven cross-material pro-cess transfer,and multi-sensor fusion in-situ defect elimination.