开敞空间率影响下的高密度空间聚类特征研究OA
Study on Spatial Clustering Characteristics of High-density Areas Under the Influence of Open Space Ratio:An Empirical Analysis of Xicheng District,Beijing,Based on Spatial Autocorrelation and Entropy Weighting
高密度片区在集约利用资源的同时易引发空间品质下降,然而现有探讨多停留在定性描述,尚缺乏系统性的量化分析来揭示其内在的互动机制.开敞空间率作为一项关键的反向指标,能有效调节容积率、建筑密度与建筑高度的相互关系.以北京市西城区为例,通过全局莫兰指数、相关性分析和熵权法,量化揭示了高密度空间的聚类特征.结果发现:在空间分布上,容积率、建筑密度和建筑高度均呈现显著的空间聚集性(全局莫兰指数为0.27～0.43),而开敞空间率则呈随机分布(全局莫兰指数I=0.013,p>0.1),表明其在规划管控中弹性较大.在指标关联性上,开敞空间率与容积率、建筑密度存在极强的负相关性,斯皮尔曼相关系数分别为-0.975和-0.752,定量揭示了开发强度与开放空间之间此消彼长的关系.空间集约度模型结果揭示了指标间的主次关系:建筑高度(0.40)与容积率(0.36)是决定空间利用效率的主导力量,相比之下,开敞空间率(0.05)的权重则处于末位,其影响力仅为建筑高度的1/8,表明垂直开发强度远比空间开放性更能影响当前的集约度水平.为精准识别"高密度、低集约"的潜力更新区域提供了数据驱动的决策支持,有助于存量时期高密度片区的精细化更新.
While high-density areas promote the intensive use of resources,they also tend to lead to a decline in spatial quality.However,existing research largely remains at the level of qualitative descriptions,and there is still a lack of systematic quantitative analysis to reveal the underlying interactive mechanisms.Open space ratio,as a key counter-indicator,can effectively moderate the interrelationships among floor area ratio,building density,and building height.Taking Xicheng District in Beijing as a case study,this research quantitatively reveals the clustering characteristics of high-density spaces through the global Moran's I index,correlation analysis,and the entropy weighting method.The result found that:In terms of spatial distribution,floor area ratio,building density,and building height all exhibit significant spatial clustering(global Moran's I ranging from 0.27 to 0.43),whereas the open space ratio exhibits a random distribution(global Moran's I=0.013,p>0.1),indicating greater flexibility in planning controls.Regarding indicator correlations,the open space ratio exhibits a very strong negative correlation with floor area ratio and building density,with Spearman's correlation coefficients of-0.975 and-0.752,respectively,quantitatively revealing the inverse relationship between development intensity and open space.The results of the spatial intensity model reveal the hierarchical relationships among the indicators:building height(0.40)and floor area ratio(0.36)are the dominant factors determining spatial utilization efficiency;in contrast,the weight of the open space ratio(0.05)ranks last,with an influence only one-eighth that of building height,indicating that vertical development intensity has a far greater impact on current intensity levels than spatial openness.This provides data-driven decision support for accurately identifying potential renewal areas characterized by"high density and low intensification,"thereby facilitating the refined renewal of high-density districts during the existing stock phase.
张颖异;金榜;齐泓洁
北京建筑大学 建筑与城市规划学院,北京 100044北京建筑大学 建筑与城市规划学院,北京 100044北京建筑大学 建筑与城市规划学院,北京 100044
建筑与水利
高密度片区开敞空间率聚类特征集约度
high-density areasopen space ratiospatial clustering characteristicsintensification degree
《北京建筑大学学报》 2026 (3)
27-39,13
国家自然科学基金项目(52408046)国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3807404).
评论