未成年血友病患者照护者社会经济状况与血友病健康素养的关系:有效健康信息获取的中介作用OA

Objective:To examine the impact of effective health information acquisition on hemophilia-related health literacy among adult caregivers of children and adolescents with hemophilia in China,and to provide evidence-based recommendations for improving adult caregivers' hemophilia-related health literacy.Methods:Data were derived from the 2024 nationwide multicenter cross-sectional survey,"Health Literacy Survey of Hemophilia Patients in China".A total of 856 adult caregivers of children and adolescents with hemophilia were recruited through convenience sampling.To explore the differences in hemophilia-related health literacy and effective health information acquisition levels among caregivers across different demographic characteristics,univariate ANOVA and independent-samples t test were adopted for statistical analysis.The bootstrap method was employed to test the mediating role of effective health information acquisition in the relationship between hemophilia-related health literacy and its influencing factors.Results:The overall level of hemophilia-related health literacy among caregivers of minor patients with hemophilia was relatively low,with an average score of 11.87±2.92.Only 20.68％of the caregivers for underage patients with hemophilia had acquired hemophilia-related health literacy.Univariate ANOVA analysis indicated that marital status,educational attainment,annual household in-come,registered residence location,and employment status significantly influenced adult caregivers' he-mophilia-related health literacy(P＜0.05).The utilization rate of various health information channels by caregivers of underage hemophilia patients exceeded 70％.Over 95％of the caregivers reported obtaining hemophilia-related health information from medical staff and hemophilia patient organizations.While,the caregivers demonstrated relatively low overall effective health information acquisition(34.43±16.50).The level of effective health information acquisition was related to educational attainment,place of house-hold registration and employment status.Caregivers with higher educational attainment,urban household registration and full-time employment had a higher level of effective health information acquisition,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The mediation analysis showed that the level of effective health information acquisition was positively correlated with hemophilia health literacy(P＜0.01),and effective health information acquisition played a partial mediating role between"education at-tainment"and"hemophilia health literacy","employment status"and"hemophilia health literacy",and"place of household registration"and"hemophilia health literacy"(P＜0.05).Higher educational attainment and favorable employment status not only directly improved health literacy,but also indirectly enhanced it by promoting effective information acquisition.Compared with urban household registration,rural household registration had a negative impact on health literacy in patients with hemophilia.Mean-while,effective information acquisition also exerted a partial mediating effect between registered residence location and health literacy.Conclusion:The hemophilia-related health literacy among caregivers of un-derage hemophilia patients is relatively low.Enhancing adult caregivers' effective health information ac-quisition of health information will improve their hemophilia-related health literacy.Tailored strategies to optimize effective health information acquisition for adult caregivers with varying sociodemographic char-acteristics could indirectly contribute to improved health literacy outcomes.