大豆玉米带状复合种植技术OA

The soybean-maize strip intercropping pattern achieves the goal of no significant reduction in maize yield while harvesting an additional crop of soybeans through measures such as variety matching,row spacing optimization,density regulation,and water-fertilizer synergy.Based on the experience of Yishui County,Linyi City,Shandong Province,this paper introduced the key technical points of this pattern,including the selection of improved varieties,planting row ratio configuration,pre-sowing preparation,timely sowing,integrated water and fertilizer management,and pest and disease control,and analyzed its application effects.The technical points include:selecting waterlogging-tolerant and lodging-resistant maize varieties such as Ludan 9009 and Denghai 618,and medium-early maturing,high-yielding soybean varieties such as Lindou No.10;conducting deep soil loosening and fine land preparation before sowing;adopting a 4∶2 planting pattern(4 rows of soybean and 2 rows of maize);achieving a maize planting density of 4 000-5 500 plants/667 m² and a soybean planting density of 7 000-9 000 plants/667 m²,both at a sowing depth of 3-5 cm;adopting a weed control strategy combining pre-emergence soil sealing and post-emergence belt-directed spraying to control weeds such as Digitaria sanguinalis,Eleusine indica;applying drip irrigation integrated with water and fertilizer,with on-demand supplementary irrigation of approximately 10 m³/667 m² each time at key growth stages(the bell stage,tasseling-silking stage,and filling stage)while paying attention to drainage to avoid waterlogging;using intelligent LED insecticidal lamps with integrated wavebands or yellow sticky traps to control maize pests such as Ostrinia nubilalis and Conogethes punctiferalis;and applying a 3 000-fold diluted solution of cyhalothrin EC to control soybean pests such as the soybean leafroller and the double-spotted leaf beetle.The pattern was promoted and applied in the study area from 2022 to 2024.Practice showed that the total net income of the soybean-maize strip intercropping pattern ranged from 1 072.76 to 1 266.12 yuan/667 m² over the 3 years,significantly higher than that of the sole maize cropping pattern.This paper provides a reference for further promotion and application of the soybean-maize strip intercropping pattern.