优质杂交稻干物质生产与转运特性研究OA

To clarify the dry matter production and translocation characteristics of high-quality hybrid rice,a two-year field experiment was conducted in Liuyang,Hunan Province,China,during 2023-2024 using 24 high-quality hybrid rice cultivars.Yield,dry matter accumulation and translocation characteristics,and harvest index were systematically compared among cultivars.The results showed that grain yields ranged from 8.74 to 11.01 t/hm2 in 2023 and 6.51 to 9.68 t/hm2 in 2024.Eight cultivars,namely Jingliangyou 1377,Jingliangyou 1212,Wuliangyou Yuzhan,Guanliangyou Huazhan,Zhenliangyou Taisi,Shuangliangyou 132,Jingliangyou 1468,and Jingyou 149,consistently exhibited high and stable yields across both years.High-yielding high-quality hybrid rice demonstrated higher harvest index,pre-anthesis dry matter translocation,and translocation rate than other cultivars.In 2023,the mean values for these traits were 46.35%,1.90 t/hm2,and 15.61%,respectively,which were 1.01 percentage points,0.27 t/hm2,and 3.09 percentage points higher than those of other cultivars.In 2024,the mean values were 45.07%,2.39 t/hm2,and 20.25%,representing increases of 3.09 percentage points,0.42 t/hm2,and 3.61 percentage points,respectively.Correlation analysis revealed that yield was highly significantly positively correlated with harvest index in 2024,and harvest index was significantly positively correlated with pre-anthesis dry matter translocation and translocation rate.In conclusion,high-yielding high-quality medium hybrid rice is characterized by high harvest index and strong pre-anthesis dry matter translocation capacity,with efficient pre-anthesis translocation serving as a key physiological basis for high yield.