纳米材料在肿瘤诊疗中的研究进展OA

This paper reviews the research progress of nanomaterials in tumor diagnosis and treatment using experimental data and clinical cases to inform precision oncology.Nanomaterials can be classified into three generations chronologically.The first generation uses liposomes as drug delivery carriers,reducing the toxicity of traditional therapeutics and laying the foundation for their clinical applications.The second generation expands to metal-based nanomaterials—including copper-based,iron-based,manganese-based,and gold-based systems—with gold nanoparticles pioneering new approaches in photothermal therapy.The third generation focuses on'intelligence,'enabling responsiveness to the tumor microenvironment or external stimuli to achieve precise drug release and integrated diagnosis and treatment.Despite their remarkable achievements in tumor diagnosis and treatment,nanomaterials still face challenges like tumor microenvironmental interference and suboptimal targeting efficiency.Future research should focus on multi-stimulus responsiveness and multimodal synergistic therapies to further advance precision cancer diagnosis and treatment.