广东地区成年居民早餐行为现况调查及影响因素分析OA
Analysis of Breakfast Behaviors and Influencing Factors Among Adult Residents in Guangdong Province
目的:分析广东地区成年居民的早餐食物摄入情况,探讨其相关影响因素,为该地区制定早餐营养干预策略及相关政策提供科学依据.方法:采用横断面调查设计,通过方便抽样法,使用结构化电子问卷对广东地区18岁及以上常住居民开展调查.收集一般人口学特征、过去1周早餐频率、食物种类及就餐地点等信息.采用卡方检验分析不同BMI、性别、年龄、学历和早餐食物种类差异.结果:共收集4 477名广东地区成年居民早餐问卷.过去1周早餐食用频率为5天及以上的居民占78.8％,其中女性占比高于男性,35岁及以上人群占比高于35岁以下人群,学生群体占比低于非学生群体(P均<0.05).在食用早餐的居民中,95.4％的人早餐包含全谷物、奶类和大豆类食物中的至少1种,女性比例高于男性,专科及以下学历人群高于本科或以上学历人群(P均<0.05).早餐在外就餐比例为64.4％,其中超重/肥胖人群高于体重正常或低体重者,男性高于女性,35岁以下人群高于35岁及以上者,学生群体高于非学生群体.结论:广东地区成年居民早餐食用频率较高,全谷物、奶类和大豆类等食物的摄入情况总体良好,超重/肥胖、男性、青年、高学历及学生群体早餐行为有待改善,建议针对上述人群开展有针对性的营养教育与行为干预.
[Objective]To analyze the breakfast food intake and its influencing factors among adult residents,and to provide a scientific basis for breakfast nutrition intervention strategies and the development of relevant policies in the Guangdong area.[Method]A cross-sectional study design was adopted in the present research.Participants aged≥18 living in Guangdong were surveyed via convenience sampling.A self-designed structured questionnaire was used to collect information on the types,frequencies and dining places of breakfast in the past week.The chi-squared test was used to compare differences in breakfast food types across BMI,genders,age groups,and education levels.[Result]A total of 4 477 participants were included in this study.The proportion of participants who consumed breakfast five or more days per week was 78.8％,with higher rates among females compared to males,individuals aged 35 and above compared to those under 35,and non-students compared to students(all P-trend<0.001).Regarding the breakfast consumption of whole grains,dairy products and soybeans,95.4％of breakfast consumers included at least one of these food types.This proportion was higher among females compared to males and among individuals with an associate degree or below compared to those with a bachelor's degree or above(all P-trend<0.05).Additionally,64.4％of individuals chose to have breakfast outside the home,with higher rates among overweight/obese individuals compared to those with normal or low weight,males compared to females,individuals under 35 compared to those aged 35 or above,and students compared to non-students.[Conclusion]Adult residents in Guangdong exhibit a high frequency of breakfast consumption and generally good intake of foods such as whole grains,dairy and soybeans.However,breakfast behaviours could be improved among overweight/obese individuals,males,younger adults,highly educated groups,and students.Targeted nutritional education and behavioral interventions are recommended for these specific populations.
李益桐;何凤怡;林秀红;陈超刚;朱惠莲;卢晓婷;贾砚琴;张爱心;王江琼;黄柳涛;谢广清;林秋梅;王澄
中山大学公共卫生学院,广州 510080中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院,广州 510120中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院,广州 510120中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院,广州 510120中山大学公共卫生学院,广州 510080中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院,广州 510120中山市博爱医院,广东 中山 528403澳门科技大学,澳门 999078清远职业技术学院,广东 清远 511510广东医科大学附属医院,广东 湛江 524001中山市博爱医院,广东 中山 528403揭西县人民医院,广东 揭阳 515499中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院,广州 510120
早餐全谷物奶大豆广东地区
breakfastwhole graindairy productsoybeanGuangdong area
《中国食物与营养》 2026 (5)
68-75,8
中国营养学会-合理膳食中国居民早餐营养健康模式专项基金(项目编号:CNS-RDSF-2024-045).
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