北京市朝阳区中小学生超重肥胖现状与其营养素养等相关影响因素分析OA
Current Situation of Overweight and Obesity among Primary and Secondary School Students in Chaoyang District of Beijing Analysis of Influencing Factors Related to Nutritional Literacy and Other Related Factors
目的:了解北京市朝阳区中小学生超重肥胖现状,分析中小学生超重肥胖与其营养素养等相关影响因素,为制定精准防控策略提供科学依据.方法:2024年5～6月,采用分层整群随机抽样法选取北京市朝阳区的2所小学、2所初中和1所高中中小学生(共计562名),进行身高、体重指标检查和营养与健康状况的自填式问卷调查,采用《学龄儿童青少年超重与肥胖筛查》(WS/T 586-2018)中的BMI分类标准判定超重肥胖,并与其填写问卷的相关因素进行分析与讨论.结果:562名中小学生超重肥胖检出率为27.0％.其中男性(χ2=35.469,P<0.001)、父母超重肥胖(χ2=24.176,P<0.001)和每天≥1次的含糖饮料摄入(OR=1.797,95％CI=1.060～3.047)是超重肥胖的危险因素,而具备营养素养(OR=0.532,95％CI=0.321～0.843)、每天摄入≥1次的米面(OR=0.521,95％CI=0.298～0.912)、摄入杂豆类(OR=0.584,95％CI=0.363～0.939)及深色蔬菜类(OR=0.556,95％CI=0.312～0.879)是超重肥胖的保护因素.结论:北京市朝阳区中小学生超重肥胖现状较为严重,建议通过营养教育保证青少年平衡膳食,建立校园含糖饮料警示系统,同时对高风险家庭开展定制化健康干预,构建"学校-家庭"联动的防控体系.
[Objective]To understand the current situation of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Chaoyang district of Beijing city,analyze the related influencing factors of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students and their nutritional literacy,and provide a scientific basis for formulating precise prevention and control strategies.[Method]From May to June 2024,a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select a total of 562 primary and secondary school students from 2 primary schools,2 junior high schools,and 1 high school in the Chaoyang district of Beijing city.Height and weight indicators were checked,and a self-administered questionnaire survey on nutrition and health status was conducted.The BMI classification standard in"Screening for Overweight and Obesity in School aged Children and Adolescents"(WS/T 586-2018)was used to determine overweight and obesity,and the relevant factors for filling out the questionnaire were analyzed and discussed.[Result]The detection rate of overweight and obesity among 562 primary and secondary school students was 27.0％.Among them,male(χ2=35.469,P<0.001),parental overweight and obesity(χ2=24.176,P<0.001),and daily intake of sugary drinks≥once(OR=1.797,95％CI=1.060-3.047)were risk factors for overweight and obesity,while nutritional literacy(OR=0.532,95％CI=0.321-0.843),daily intake of rice and flour≥once(OR=0.521,95％CI=0.298-0.912),intake of miscellaneous beans(OR=0.584,95％CI=0.363-0.939),and dark vegetables(OR=0.556,95％CI=0.312-0.879)were protective factors for overweight and obesity.[Conclusion]The current situation of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students in the Chaoyang district of Beijing city is quite serious.It is recommended to ensure a balanced diet for adolescents through nutrition education,establish a warning system for sugary drinks on campus,and carry out customized health interventions for high-risk families to build a"school family"linkage prevention and control system.
阮明捷;马建新;巴蕾
北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心,北京 100021北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心,北京 100021北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心,北京 100021
中小学生超重肥胖营养素养影响因素
school childrenoverweight and obesitynutritional literacyinfluencing factor
《中国食物与营养》 2026 (5)
62-67,6
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