湖南省某高校大学生营养素养现状及影响因素分析OA

[Objective]To assess the current status of nutrition literacy and its determinants among undergradu-ates in a university in Hunan province,thereby providing evidence base for the development of targeted nutrition-education strategies and intervention programs.[Method]Undergraduate students were recruited from one university in Hunan province by convenience cluster sampling.Data on general characteristics and nutrition literacy were collected with the"General Nutrition Literacy Questionnaire."All analyses were performed with SPSS 26.0.Nutrition-literacy scores were summarized as medians(M),25th and 75th percentiles(P25,P75),and inter-quartile ranges(IQR).The prevalence of adequate overall nutrition literacy and of each of its dimen-sions was reported as percentages.Between-group differences were examined with the Mann-Whitney U test or the Kruskal-Wallis H test,as appropriate.Determinants of nutrition-literacy scores were identified by multiple linear regression.[Result]Among 6 054 questionnaires distributed,5 509 were returned and 5 368 were valid,yielding an effective response rate of 97.4％.The median overall nutrition-literacy score was 66.0(IQR=13.0).Domain-specific medians were 9.5(IQR=1.5)for food-and nutrition-related knowledge,18.5(IQR=5.5)for food selection,14.0(IQR=5.0)for food preparation,and 25.0(IQR=5.0)for food consumption.Only 6.2％of respondents achieved the criterion for overall nutrition literacy;81.6％demonstrated adequate cognitive literacy,whereas only 11.9％met the threshold for skill-based literacy.Female students scored significantly higher than males(66.5 vs 65.0,P<0.001).Urban residents outperformed rural counterparts(67.5 vs 65.0,P<0.001),and nutrition-related majors achieved higher scores than non-related majors(67.0 vs 65.0,P<0.001).Multiple linear regression showed that per-capita monthly household income was positively associated with nutrition-literacy scores(P<0.001),whereas higher academic year was inversely associated(P<0.001).[Conclusion]University students exhibit markedly lower skill-based than cognitive nutrition literacy.Significant disparities are observed across sociodemographic strata;lower scores are concentrated among males,rural residents,non-nutrition majors,those from low per-capita household-income households,and students in advanced academic years.Targeted interventions should prioritize experiential nutrition-education components and tailored programs for these high-risk subpopulations.