2020-2025年全球口蹄疫流行状况和特点分析OA

A total of 95 935 outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease(FMD)was cumulatively recorded by 70 countries from 2020 to 2025,involving 1.429 million animals affected and 30 000 animals died,as extracted from data registered by World Animal Health Information System ofWorld Organization for Animal Health(WOAH-WAHIS);the outbreaks were primarily prevalent in parts of Asia and Africa,especially serious in Indonesia,Pakistan,Iran,Iraq,Turkey and South Africa.The number of reported outbreaks was increasing,more in the first half of each year than in the second half,and reached a historical peak in 2022,together with that of the cases,up to 62 000 and 711 000,respectively.A variety of animal species were infected,but dominated by cattle and sheep,together accounting for 93.5％of global cases.Serotype O was widely distributed,while SAT1 and SAT2 spread across continents,and serotype A,Asia1 and SAT3 were still sporadic in a few countries.Most topotypes were mainly prevalent in previous regions,but O/EA-2,O/EA-3,SAT2/ⅩⅣ,SAT1/Ⅰ,SAT 1/Ⅲ and SAT2/ⅩⅣ continuously spread to the Middle East,and O/ME-SA/SA-2018 to Germany and other European countries.Global FMD was controlled to certain extent,but its prevalence status was still complex and severe,increasingly posing an entry risk of new serotypes and novel strains to China.Therefore,the FMD prevention and control system should be continuously completed to improve response capabilities.