2012-2022年中国老年人健康素养的横断历史元分析OA
Trends in health literacy among older adults in China from 2012 to 2022:a cross-temporal Meta-analysis
目的 分析2012-2022年我国老年人健康素养的时间变化趋势及其潜在宏观相关因素.方法 检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国博士硕士学位论文全文数据库、Web of Science和PubMed数据库,搜集中国内地60岁及以上老年人健康素养相关研究.提取样本量、数据收集年份、研究对象性别、城乡来源、健康素养相关指标的均值和标准差信息,采用横断历史元分析,结合相关分析、样本量加权回归和效应量估计,探讨2012-2022年老年人总体健康素养、各维度及性别、城乡差异的时间变化,并分析其与全国城镇化率和网民中老年人口占比的相关关系.结果 共纳入39项研究,提取50个年度数据组,覆盖222 811名老年人.该群体健康素养水平总分随年份显著上升(r=0.379,β=0.359,均P<0.01);其中,健康生活方式与行为(r=0.441,β=0.444,均P<0.01)和基本健康知识和理念(r=0.362,β=0.342,均P<0.05)呈上升趋势,而基本技能变化不显著.该群体中男性与女性的健康素养水平均随年份上升,性别差异平均效应量较小;城市老年人健康素养水平和上升趋势均高于农村老年人,城乡差异持续存在.全国城镇化率、网民中60岁及以上人口占比与老年人健康素养时间变化存在相关关系.结论 2012-2022年我国老年人健康素养总体呈上升趋势,但建议应在老年群体中针对性开展技能导向型健康教育,加强农村相关工作,并完善适老化数字健康支持,宏观社会因素与健康素养变化的关系仍需进一步检验.
Objective To examine temporal trends in health literacy among older adults in China from 2012 to 2022 and to explore potential macro-level correlates.Methods Relevant studies were retrieved from CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP,the Chinese Doctoral and Master's Theses Database,Web of Science,and PubMed.Studies on health literacy involving adults aged 60 years and above in mainland China were included.Sample size,mean,standard deviation,year of data collection,the gender,urban and rural sources,the mean and standard deviation of health literacy related indicators of the study subjects were extracted.Cross-temporal Meta-analysis combined with correlation analysis,sample-size-weighted regression and effect size estimation was used to examine temporal changes in overall health literacy,its dimensions,and sex-and urban-rural differences,as well as their associations with the national urbanization rate and the proportion of internet users aged 60 years and above.Results A total of 39 studies involving 222,811 older adults were included,extracting 50 annual data sets.From 2012 to 2022,overall health literacy among older adults in China increased significantly over time(r=0.379,β=0.359,both P<0.01).Healthy lifestyle and behavior(r=0.441,β=0.444,both P<0.01)and basic knowledge and concepts(r=0.362,β=0.342,both P<0.05)also showed upward trends,whereas basic skills did not change significantly.Health literacy increased over time in both male and female older adults,with a relatively small average effect size for sex differences.Urban older adults had higher health literacy levels and a more pronounced upward trend than rural older adults,and urban-rural disparities persisted over time.National urbanization rate and the proportion of internet users aged 60 years and above were correlated with temporal changes in health literacy among older adults.Conclusion Health literacy among older adults in China showed an overall upward trend from 2012 to 2022.Targeted skill-oriented health education should be carried out among older adults,with strengthened efforts in rural areas and improved age-friendly digital health support.The relationship between macro-level social factors and changes in health literacy requires further examination.
郭昫澄;赵一霖;袁明
湖南师范大学教育科学学院心理学系(长沙 410081)||湖南省妇女研究会(长沙 410011)湖南师范大学教育科学学院心理学系(长沙 410081)湖南中医药大学人文与管理学院心理系(长沙 410208)
社会科学
老年人健康素养横断历史元分析
AgedHealth literacyCross-temporal Meta-analysis
《医学新知》 2026 (5)
550-558,9
国家科技创新2030"脑科学与类脑研究"重大项目(2022ZD0211100)
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