沙尘颗粒物沉积对光伏发电影响和应对技术综述与展望OA

Dust particle deposition has become a key factor limiting photovoltaic(PV)power generation efficiency in arid regions worldwide.This review synthesizes research from the past decade to systematically analyze the impacts of dust deposition on PV module transmittance,thermal dissipation,and electrical characteristics from physical,chemical,and environmental perspectives.The mechanisms by which deposition contributes to efficiency reduction,material aging,and lifespan reduction are highlighted.A multi-factor coupling analysis reveals that dust deposition not only diminishes light absorption via shading and scattering but also induces surface abrasion and chemical corrosion,thereby accelerating performance degradation.Economically,power loss coupled with heightened cleaning and maintenance costs substantially compromises the lifecycle revenue of PV systems.Various mitigation technologies have been developed,encompassing natural,manual,automated,and intelligent cleaning methods,among which electrodynamic screens,self-cleaning coatings,and AI-driven autonomous systems show particular promise.However,gaps remain in understanding multi-scale coupling mechanisms,regional variability,long-term reliability,and intelligent cleaning strategies.Future research should prioritize elucidating dust-module interfacial dynamics,cross-regional degradation patterns,and developing low-consumption,high-efficiency cleaning technologies to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of PV systems in dusty environments.