多尺度类贝壳珍珠质层状与梯度结构仿生陶瓷-树脂复合材料OA
Bioinspired Nacre-like Ceramic-polymer Composites with Multiscale Layered and Gradient Structures
陶瓷材料的本征脆性及对结构缺陷的高度敏感,严重制约了其在结构承载、抗冲击以及复杂服役环境中的广泛应用.以贝壳为代表的天然生物陶瓷材料在长期演变中形成了复杂而精巧的多尺度结构,兼具高强度和韧性,可为人造陶瓷材料设计提供重要启示.本研究利用坯体累积叠轧技术结合逐层构筑工艺,制备得到具有多尺度类贝壳珍珠质层状与梯度结构的仿生陶瓷-树脂复合材料.该材料在微观尺度上呈现出类似天然贝壳的"砖-泥"结构,在介观尺度上则表现为陶瓷相含量沿厚度方向呈周期性交替或梯度变化,从而构建出多尺度层状与梯度仿生结构.本研究系统评估了仿生材料的力学性能,并与组成相一致的均质结构进行对比,揭示了仿生结构、力学性能及损伤机制之间的内在联系.结果显示,多尺度层状与梯度结构仿生材料沿厚度方向呈现出高达数倍的硬度和弹性模量差异.特别是具有"软-硬-软"梯度结构的仿生材料表现出更优的强度-韧性协同效应,其强度、断裂功、断裂与冲击韧性均显著高于相同陶瓷含量的均匀材料,这主要归因于该结构能够有效拓宽应力分布范围,减轻局部应力集中,并促进机械能的广泛耗散.本研究有望为高强韧仿生陶瓷-树脂复合材料的结构优化设计提供理论依据与方法参考.
Due to their intrinsic brittleness and high sensitivity to structural flaws,ceramics face a fundamental limitation in applications that require mechanical load-bearing capacity,impact resistance,and reliable performance under complex service conditions.Natural ceramic-based materials,such as nacre,have evolved intricate multiscale structures through long-term evolutionary processes,effectively integrating high strength and fracture toughness,offering valuable inspiration for the design of synthetic ceramics.This study utilized an accumulative rolling technique combined with a layer-by-layer assembly process to fabricate bioinspired ceramic-polymer composites featuring nacre-like layered and gradient structures at the multiscale.The composites exhibit a characteristic nacre-like"brick-and-mortar"architecture at the microscale,as well as periodic or gradient variations in ceramic content at the mesoscale,collectively forming bioinspired multiscale layered and gradient structures.The mechanical properties of the bioinspired composites were systematically investigated and compared with uniform composites with equivalent ceramic content.The relationships between the bioinspired structures,mechanical properties,and damage characteristics were elucidated.The results demonstrate that the bioinspired composites exhibit variations of up to several times in local hardness and elastic modulus along the thickness direction.In particular,the gradient composite with a"soft-hard-soft"configuration achieves superior strength-toughness synergy,demonstrating significantly higher strength,work of fracture,and fracture and impact toughness compared to the uniform materials with the same ceramic content.This enhancement is primarily attributed to the ability of this architecture to broaden stress distribution,reduce local stress concentrations,and facilitate extensive dissipation of mechanical energy.This study provides a useful reference and guidance for the structural design of strong and tough bioinspired ceramic-polymer composites.
高科丰;何昕昕;刘增乾;张哲峰
中国科学院 金属研究所,沈阳 110016||中国科学技术大学 材料科学与工程学院,沈阳 110016中国科学院 金属研究所,沈阳 110016||中国科学技术大学 材料科学与工程学院,沈阳 110016中国科学院 金属研究所,沈阳 110016||中国科学技术大学 材料科学与工程学院,沈阳 110016中国科学院 金属研究所,沈阳 110016||中国科学技术大学 材料科学与工程学院,沈阳 110016
通用工业技术
陶瓷-树脂复合材料仿生设计多尺度结构梯度力学性能
ceramic-polymer compositebioinspired designmultiscale structuregradientmechanical property
《无机材料学报》 2026 (5)
573-582,10
国家重点研发计划(2020YFA0710404)国家自然科学基金(52173269,52471152)National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0710404)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52173269,52471152)
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