节水灌溉减氮配施生物质炭对稻田土壤碳平衡的影响OA
Effects of water-saving irrigation and nitrogen reduction combined with biochar application on soil carbon balance in paddy fields
为探明节水灌溉减氮配施生物质炭对黑土稻田土壤碳平衡的影响,开展田间小区试验,以常规施氮水平+不施用生物质炭(B0N1)作为对照,设置12.5 t/hm2生物质炭+减氮10％(B1N2)、25 t/hm2生物质炭+减氮 10％(B2N2)、12.5 t/hm2 生物质炭+减氮 20％(B1N3)、25 t/hm2 生物质炭+减氮 20％(B2N3)、12.5 t/hm2 生物质炭+减氮30％(B1N4)、25 t/hm2生物质炭+减氮30％(B2N4)处理,观测稻田CO2和CH4排放情况,以及收获时稻株各器官干物质量和碳含量,计算水稻植株总固碳量、净初级生产力(NPP)及稻田净土壤碳收支(NSCB).结果表明,减施氮肥可以降低水稻本田生长期CO2和CH4排放总量,而增加生物质炭施用量会提高稻田土壤CO2排放总量,同时减少稻田土壤CH4排放总量;适量的减施氮肥配施生物质炭能够提高稻株总固碳量,而过量的减施氮肥或施用生物质炭则会降低稻株总固碳量;水稻本田生长期的NPP随着生物质炭施用量和氮肥减施量增加而减小;B1N2处理的NSCB值最高,为823.17 kg/hm2,且其NPP、NSCB和产量都显著高于其他处理(P＜0.05).综合来看,节水灌溉减氮10％配施12.5 t/hm2生物质炭的稻田生态系统碳汇能力最强.研究可为科学制定黑土稻田节水、节肥、增产和固碳减排管理策略提供理论依据.
In order to explore the effect of nitrogen reduction combined with biochar application on soil carbon balance in paddy field under water-saving irrigation,a field plot experiment was carried out with conventional nitrogen application level+no biochar application(B0N1)as the control.12.5 t/hm2 biochar+10％nitrogen reduction(B1N2),25 t/hm2 biochar+10％nitrogen reduction(B2N2),12.5 t/hm2 biochar+20％nitrogen reduction(B1N3),25 t/hm2 biochar+20％nitrogen reduction(B2N3),12.5 t/hm2 biochar+30％nitrogen reduction(B1N4),25 t/hm2 biochar+30％nitrogen reduction(B2N4)treatments were set up to observe the emission of CO2 and CH4 in paddy field,as well as the dry matter quality and carbon content of each organ of rice plant at harvest.The total carbon sequestration,net primary productivity(NPP)and net soil carbon budget(NSCB)of rice plants were calculated.The results showed that the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer reduced the total emission of CO2 and CH4 in the growth period of rice field,while the increase of biochar application increased the total emission of CO2 in paddy soil and reduced the total emission of CH4 in paddy soil.Appropriate reduction of nitrogen fertilizer combined with biochar application increased the total carbon sequestration of rice plants,while excessive reduction of nitrogen fertilizer or biochar application reduced the total carbon sequestration of rice plants.The NPP in the growth period of rice field decreased with the increase of biochar application rate and nitrogen fertilizer reduction.The B1N2 treatment had the highest NSCB of 823.17 kg/hm2,and its NPP,NSCB and yield were significantly higher than those of other treatments(P＜0.05).On the whole,the carbon sink capacity of paddy ecosystem with 10％nitrogen reduction in water-saving irrigation combined with 12.5 t/hm2 biochar was the strongest.The study could provide a theoretical basis for the scientific development of water-saving,fertilizer-saving,yield-increasing,carbon sequestration and emission reduction management strategies in black soil paddy fields.
张作合;张忠学;孔凡丹
绥化学院农业与水利工程学院,黑龙江 绥化 152061东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030绥化学院农业与水利工程学院,黑龙江 绥化 152061
稻田节水灌溉减氮生物质炭碳平衡
paddywater-saving irrigationnitrogen reductionbiocharcarbon balance
《中国土壤与肥料》 2026 (4)
12-21,10
绥化学院科研启动基金项目(SQ242002)黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2024E099).
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