血清颗粒酶B与特应性皮炎临床特征的相关性:一项横断面研究OA

Objective To assess the serum granzyme B levels in patients with atopic dermati-tis,and to analyze their association with disease severity and clinical characteristics.Methods Ninety patients with atopic dermatitis(AD)and 30 healthy controls were enrolled,and their ser-um specimens were collected.The ELISA assay was used to measure serum granzyme B levels,and their correlations with disease severity,IgE levels,eosinophil counts,and IL-18 were ana-lyzed.Results Serum granzyme B levels were significantly elevated in AD patients compared with healthy controls(P＜0.001)and positively correlated with SCORAD scores(P＜0.001),eosin-ophil counts(P＜0.05),and IL-18 levels(P＜0.001).Granzyme B levels differed significantly among mild,moderate,and severe AD subgroups(P＜0.001),with all pairwise comparisons reaching statistical significance(P＜0.05 or P＜0.001).No significant difference in granzyme B levels was observed between endogenous and exogenous AD(P＞0.05).A unit increase(pg/mL)in granzyme B was associated with an average increase of approximately 14.28 units in IL-18 levels(P＜0.001).Moreover,granzyme B was identified as an independent risk factor for AD severity,with an odds ratio(OR)greater than that of eosinophil counts(P＜0.001).Logistic re-gression analysis revealed that both granzyme B and eosinophil counts were independent risk fac-tors for AD severity(P＜0.001).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)for granzyme B was 0.649,lower than the 0.826 for eosinophil counts.At the optimal cutoff values,the sensitivities of granzyme B and eosinophil counts were 37.8％and 65.6％,re-spectively,while both exhibited a specificity of 96.7％.Conclusions Serum granzyme B is sig-nificantly elevated in patients with atopic dermatitis and serves as an independent risk factor for disease severity.It is positively correlated with IL-18 levels and eosinophil counts.Although it ex-hibits high specificity,its relatively low sensitivity suggests that it may be more suitable as an an-cillary marker for disease assessment rather than as a standalone screening tool.