448例局限性硬皮病患者的临床特征及诊疗现状分析OA

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics,current management and trends of patients with localized scleroderma(LS),aiming to improve the understanding of this disease.Methods Clinical data of LS patients diagnosed at Dermatology Hospital,Southern Medical Uni-versity between January 2019 and December 2024 were collected.A cross-sectional analysis was conducted to describe patients' demographics(sex,age),clinical manifestations(lesion type,distribution,disease duration),laboratory findings,and treatment regimens.The differences in lesion site and treatment strategy across different clinical subtypes were evaluated.Results A to-tal of 448 LS patients were included,comprising 327 females and 121 males,with a median age at onset of 21 years(interquartile range:9,33),and a female-to-male ratio of 2.7∶1.The clinical subtypes of LS were predominantly plaque type(47.32％),followed by linear type(40.00％),and generalized type(10.71％).There was a significant variation in lesion distribution across these different subtypes(P＜0.001).Only a small proportion of patients(1.56％)reported clin-ical symptoms such as joint limitation or numbness.Treatment approaches varied with the phase of the disease,with patients in the active phase more frequently receiving a combination of topical corticosteroids,calcineurin inhibitors,and phototherapy compared to those in the inactive phase(P＜0.05).Additionally,Janus kinase(JAK)inhibitors were utilized relatively often in the clinical management of LS.Conclusions LS predominantly affects children aged 0-12 years and young to middle-aged adults aged 19-40 years.Clinical manifestations are heterogeneous.Systemic therapy is more widely applied in patients with active disease,and novel targeted agents,particu-larly JAK inhibitors,are increasingly utilized in clinical practice.However,their long-term effica-cy and safety require further investigation.