3D打印电弧增材制造钢结构研究进展及应用OA

Wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)enables the fabrication of large-scale complex metal structural components with high material utilization and deposition rates,making it a suitable additive manufacturing process for steel structures.WAAM can overcome the manufacturing limitations of traditional rolled and welded components by directly forming complex metallic parts through layer-by-layer or point-by-point deposition.It has been successfully adopted for creating complex components,joints and structural systems,as well as for structural repair and strengthening.To systematically sort out the research progress of WAAM steel structures at home and abroad,aiming at the technical characteristics and material properties of WAAM,a systematic review and analysis were conducted from the perspectives of production processes,microstructure,fundamental mechanical properties and critical application technologies.A comprehensive review was provided at the levels of WAAM steel materials,components,connections,joints and structural systems.The results show that WAAM steels exhibit similar stress-strain behaviour to that of conventional structural steels,thereby providing a material-level foundation for structural engineering applications.Owing to its inherent process characteristics,WAAM deposition may introduce defects such as surface roughness,internal porosity and cracking,necessitating appropriate mitigation strategies and careful consideration during design.Future development directions of WAAM include intelligent process upgrading,integrated subtractive-additive topology optimisation,functional multi-material integration and process simulation for optimisation,and it is urgent to establish relevant standards and specifications to promote high-quality industrial development.