青少年抑郁的基本状况及其影响因素分析OA

Objective To investigate the basic situation of depression among adolescents in Hebei Province,and analyze its influencing factors based on the social-family-teacher-peer system.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among students from 6 secondary schools in Hebei Province,including junior high schools,senior high schools,and vocational schools.The depression scale,parental marital conflict scale,teacher support scale,peer attachment scale,and online risk exposure scale were used for assessment.A total of 5 448 valid questionnaires were collected,including 3 221 junior high school students,1 579 senior high school students,and 648 vocational school students.The relevant data were analyzed by using Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis.Results The detection rate of depression among adolescents was 23.90%.Chi-square test showed that there were significant differences in the detection rates of depression among adolescents with different genders,grades,household registrations,school types,academic performance,and family socioeconomic status(all P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis indicated that parental marital conflict[OR(95%CI):1.12(1.10 to 1.15),P<0.001]and online risk exposure[OR(95%CI):1.07(1.06 to 1.08),P<0.001]were important risk factors for adolescent depression;peer attachment was a protective factor against adolescent depression[OR(95%CI):0.86(0.83 to 0.88),P<0.001];teacher support was not significantly associated with adolescent depression(P>0.05).Conclusion Incidence of adolescent depression is comprehensively influenced by demographic characteristics and psychosocial factors.Prevention and intervention programs should focus on girls,rural students,those with poor academic performance,and those from low socioeconomic families.It is necessary to reduce parental marital conflict,enhance peer support,alert to and prevent online risk exposure,and promote teachers to further strengthen humanistic care for students,so as to comprehensively protect the mental health of adolescents.