儿童教育中多智能体系统的应用:技术演进、作用机制与治理框架OA

The application of artificial intelligence(AI)in education has gradually evolved from isolated question-answering tools to modes of role collaboration and workflow orchestration.Focusing on preschool and primary education,this review synthesizes core reviews and representative studies on intelligent tutoring systems,pedagogical agents,large language model agents,and multi-agent system(MAS).Adopting a structured narrative review approach,it analyzes the technological evolution,application scenarios,mechanisms of action,and governance boundaries of these technologies.The results show that MAS can support educational scenarios,including reading enlightenment,mathematical inquiry,classroom collaboration,teacher assistance,and home-school communication through task decomposition,role cooperation,peer interaction simulation,and multimodal process assessment.Current relevant studies still focus primarily on short-term researches,quasi-experiments,and prototype validations.In the field of children's education,MAS should be positioned as a fundamental carrier for human-AI collaborative learning that conforms to children's developmental laws,is teacher-led,and is regulated by adult mediation.Its effective application relies on educational scenario adaptation,minimal data collection,human-in-the-loop verification,and traceable management of rights and responsibilities.For practical promotion,priority deployment on the adult side,initiation in low-risk scenarios,and gradual hierarchical authorization are recommended.