轻简化稻鱼综合种养模式对稻田土壤肥力及生态效益的影响OA

To establish an ecological agriculture technology system suitable for popularization in mountainous areas,a comparative experiment was conducted in Yangwu Town,Danzhai County,Guizhou Province in 2024 to explore the comprehensive effects of light and simplified rice-fish farming mode on soil fertility and ecological environment of paddy fields.Rice monoculture mode(control group)and light and simplified rice-fish farming mode(experi-mental group)were set up.The comprehensive benefits of the mode were analyzed by systematically monitoring soil physical and chemical indexes,rice growth traits,fish breeding effects,and water quality parameters.The results showed that under the light and simplified rice-fish farming mode,the soil organic matter content,available potas-sium content,pH value,and available phosphorus content in paddy fields increased by 21.00%,24.41%,11.97%,and 4.46%,respectively,and soil fertility was significantly improved(P<0.05).The per mu yield of rice reached 586.3 kg,7.2%higher than that of the control mode,and the protein content of rice increased by 8.5%.The average per mu yield of indigenous carp was 32.6 kg with a survival rate of 92.3%.The contents of ammonia ni-trogen and nitrite in aquaculture water decreased by 34.7%and 41.2%respectively,and the dissolved oxygen con-tent increased by 18.6%compared with the control.This mode reduced the application amount of chemical fertilizers by 33.3%,the application frequency of pesticides by 60%,and increased the comprehensive economic benefit by 23.5%,realizing the ecological agriculture goal of"one water for two uses,one field for double har-vests".The results provide technical support and practical reference for the green and sustainable development of agriculture in the southwest mountainous areas.