赣南地区居民心脑血管疾病风险评估及其影响因素分析OA

Objective:To assess the risk level of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among residents in Shangyou County,Ganzhou,and to analyze its influencing factors,thereby providing scientific evidence for disease intervention in this region.Methods:Based on cohort study data from Shangyou County,participants were selected by cluster sampling.Data were collected using the simplified version of the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease risk assessment questionnaire developed by Wang Haixin,along with physical examinations and fasting blood sample tests.An unordered multinomial logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors influencing the risk of cardio-vascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Results:A total of 2 560 participants were included in this study.The mean age of the population was 61.18±10.58 years.The low-risk,moderate-risk,and high-risk groups accounted for 63.1%(1 616 cases),13.8%(352 cases),and 23.1%(592 cases),respectively.Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in the distribution of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease risk levels across groups based on age,sex,marital status,education level,average annual income,alcohol consumption,meat/vegetable diet,and fruit intake frequency(P<0.05).The unordered multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that,compared with the low-risk group,the high-risk group was significantly associated with older age(age groups 50-to 80-years,OR:1.614-3.712),being married(OR=4.032,95%CI:2.652-7.763),and alcohol consumption(light drinking:OR=4.681,95%CI:1.310-16.733;heavy drinking:OR=18.919,95%CI:5.358-66.804),and having a high school education(OR=1.576,95%CI:1.044-2.320).Balanced diet(OR=0.323,95%CI:0.163-0.641)and predominantly vegetable-based diet(OR=0.416,95%CI:0.205-0.843)were protective factors.In the moderate-risk group,older age,being married.Compared with low-risk group,in the moderate-risk group,older age(age groups 50-to 80-years,OR:1.615-3.298),being married(OR=2.542,95%CI:1.230-4.543),alcohol consumption(light drinking:OR=3.614,95%CI:1.795-16.436;heavy drinking:OR=6.351,95%CI:1.424-28.321)and high school education(OR=1.794,95%CI:1.106-2.909)were associated with higher CVD risk;while male(OR=0.689,95%CI:0.533-0.892),junior high school education(OR=0.641,95%CI:0.443-0.850)and balanced diet(OR=0.413,95%CI:0.180-0.946)were protective factors.Conclusion:Increasing age,alcohol consumption,and married status are closely associated with medium-to-high risk levels,while a balanced diet serves as an important protective factor.An elevated risk trend is observed among individuals with high school education or above in the moderate-risk group,whereas male gender and junior high school education are protective factors.It is recommended to implement interventions focusing on alcohol control based on the characteristics of risk levels.