半夏种茎生长温限与珠芽形成关键发育转换的生理基础OA

To explore the effects of different temperatures on the growth of Pinellia tubers and the formation of bulbils,as well as the physiological basis for bulbils'structural development under optimal temperatures,tempera-ture-controlled pot experiments were conducted at 10℃,15℃,20℃,25℃,and 30℃ to identify the most suitable temperature.Subsequently,Pinellia tubers were cultivated in pots at this selected temperature.Physiological indica-tors including sugar metabolism,nitrogen metabolism,and endogenous hormone content were measured in petioles without bulbils(YB_1)and those with punctate bulbils(YB_2).The results showed that different temperatures significantly affect the growth of Pinellia tubers and the formation of bulbils.Among these conditions,bulbils reached a 100％formation rate earliest at 25℃.At the end of the experiment,petiole lengths under 10℃,15℃,and 20℃ treatments were 11.05 num,32.37 num,and 105.05 mm,respectively,significantly lower than those at 25℃(125.27 mm)and 30℃(171.37 mm).At 25℃,bulbils reached a diameter of 3.43 mm,whereas at other temperatures,only a single punctiform bulbil structure was visible,and its diameter could not be measured.Com-pared to YB_1,YB_2 at 25℃ showed increases in glucose,sucrose,and total amino acid content by 91.25％,22.61％,and 17.88％,respectively;auxin,abscisic acid,ethylene,and brassinosteroid contents increased by 22.66％,9.94％,16.31％,and 24.88％,respectively,while gibberellin content decreased by 10.23％.Based on the comprehensive experimental results,25℃ is considered the optimal temperature for Pinellia tuber growth and bulbils formation.The synergistic changes in sugar metabolism and endogenous hormones may serve as key regulato-ry factors in bulbils'structure development.