盐胁迫下不同旱碱麦品种幼苗耐盐生长生理特性及氮素累积特征OA
Physiological characteristics of salt tolerance and nitrogen accumulation in seedlings of different drought-tolerant and alkali-tolerant wheat varieties under salt stress
选择已在盐碱地推广应用的6个旱碱麦品种('沧麦15'、'沧麦12'、'捷麦19'、'沧麦6002'、'邯农1412'、'河农9204')为试验材料,设置0、40、80、120 mmol·L-1 NaCl开展水培试验,模拟非盐渍及轻、中、重度盐胁迫环境,结合统一供氮水平(5 mmol·L-1尿素),系统分析盐胁迫下不同旱碱麦品种的生理响应及氮素累积特征.结果表明:随着盐胁迫水平的升高,各品种小麦的生理响应存在明显差异:'沧麦12'在40 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下的发芽势较CK(0 mmol·L-1 NaCl处理)显著增加19.15％,根长在40 mmol·L-1和80 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下较CK分别显著增加88.87％和29.13％,鲜重较CK提升15.38％(P＜0.05);'沧麦15'在40 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下的株高较CK增加3.58％.各品种小麦对盐胁迫的生理响应阈值不同:'沧麦15'在各盐胁迫梯度下的SPAD值较CK提升4.85％～9.71％,在40 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下地上部K+/Na+显著高于其他品种;'沧麦12'在80 mmol·L-1和120 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下地上部K+/Na+显著高于其他品种;'河农9204'在40 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下根部K+/Na+显著高于其他品种(P＜0.05).植物渗透调节方面,'沧麦12'在40 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下的游离脯氨酸含量是CK的2.14倍,而'邯农1412'在80 mmol·L-1和120 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下分别是CK的12.00和28.77倍.尽管盐胁迫会抑制氮素吸收,但'沧麦15'和'沧麦12'在40 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下的氮素高效利用能力均较强,与CK相比分别显著提升13.59％和9.29％(P＜0.05).综合评价可知,6个旱碱麦品种的耐盐性及氮素利用能力表现为'沧麦12'＞'沧麦15'＞'沧麦6002'＞'河农9204'＞'邯农 1412'＞'捷麦 19'.
Six drought-tolerant and alkali-tolerant wheat varieties widely applied in saline farmlands('Cang-mai 15','Cangmai 12','Jiemai 19','Cangmai 6002','Hannong 1412',and'Henong9204')were evalua-ted under hydroponic conditions.Four salinity levels(0,40,80,and 120 mmol·L-1 NaCl)were used to simulate non-saline,mild,moderate,and severe salt stress environments,with a consistent nitrogen supply(5 mmol·L-1 urea),to systematically analyze the physiological responses and nitrogen accumulation characteristics of different cultivars under salt stress.The results showed that the physiological responses of different wheat cultivars were sig-nificantly different with the increase of salt stress level.Under 40 mmol·L-1NaCl,the germination vigor of'Cang-mai 12'increased significantly by 19.15％compared to CK(0 mmol·L-1 NaCl treatment).Its root length in-creased significantly by 88.87％and 29.13％under 40 mmol·L-1 and 80 mmol·L-1 salt stress,respectively,with fresh weight increased by 15.38％(P＜0.05).Plant height of'Cangmai 15'increased by 3.58％under 40 mmol·L-1 NaCl.Cultivars also exhibited distinct physiological thresholds to salinity.The SPAD values of'Cangmai 15'increased by 4.85％-9.71％across all salt levels,and its shoot K+/Na+ratio was significantly higher than that of the other cultivars under 40 mmol·L-1NaCl.'Cangmai 12'exhibited higher shoot K+/Na+ratios than the other cultivars under 80 and 120 mmol·L-1 NaCl.In contrast,'Henong 9204'had the highest root K+/Na+ratio under 40 mmol·L-1 NaCl.In terms of plant osmotic regulation,under 40 mmol·L-1 salt stress,the free proline content of'Cangmai 12'was 2.14 times that of the CK,while under 80 mmol·L-1 and 120 mmol·L-1 salt stress,the free pro-line content of'Hannong 1412'was 12.00 times and 28.77 times that of CK,respectively.Although nitrogen uptake was suppressed under salt stress,both'Cangmai 15'and'Cangmai 12'exhibited significantly higher nitrogen use efficiency under 40 mmol·L-1 NaCl salt stress,showing significant increases of 13.59％and 9.29％compared to CK,respectively(P＜0.05).Overall,the salt tolerance and nitrogen use efficiency of the six drought-tolerant and alkali-tolerant wheat varieties ranked as follows:'Cangmai 12'＞'Cangmai 15'＞'Cangmai 6002'＞'Henong 9204'＞'Han-nong 1412'＞'Jiemai 19'.
刘芮怡;王小敏;吉艳芝;李津津;韩雨格;郭艳杰
华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,河北保定 071001||河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定 071001||河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定 071001华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,河北保定 071001||河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定 071001||河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定 071001河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定 071001||河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定 071001河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定 071001||河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定 071001河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定 071001||河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定 071001华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,河北保定 071001||河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定 071001||河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定 071001
农业科技
旱碱麦耐盐性生理特性氮素累积盐胁迫
drought-tolerant and alkali-tolerant wheat varietiessalt tolerancephysiological characteristicsnitrogen accumulationsalt stress
《干旱地区农业研究》 2026 (3)
23-36,57,15
河北省省级科技计划(24466301D)
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