人参皂苷Rg3对LPS诱导颗粒细胞炎症的作用及机制研究OA

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of ginsenoside Rg3 on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-in-duced inflammatory responses and apoptosis in ovarian granulosa cells,and to explore the underlying molecular mecha-nisms.Methods Primary ovarian granulosa cells were isolated from C57BL/6 mice and cultured in vitro to establish an LPS-induced inflammation model.Cells were divided into three groups:control group,LPS group,and LPS+Rg3 treat-ment group.Cell viability was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)assay to determine the optimal non-toxic concentration of Rg3.Protein expression levels of key components in the NF-κB signaling pathway(p-p65 and IκBα),the inflammatory mediator COX-2,and apoptosis-related proteins(Bel-2,Bax,and cleaved caspase-3)were analyzed by Western blotting.mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines(IL-6,TNF-α,and IL-1 β)were quantified by real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR).Results Rg3 at a concentration of 1 μmol/L exhibited minimal cytotoxicity and significantly attenuated LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis in granulosa cells.LPS stimu-lation markedly activated the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway,as evidenced by increased p-p65 levels and degradation of IκBα,along with upregulation of COX-2,IL-6(t=18.76,P＜0.001),TNF-α(t=15.42,P＜0.001),and IL-1β(t=17.35,P＜0.001)expression.Additionally,LPS induced mitochondrial apoptosis,as indicated by an in-creased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and elevated levels of cleaved caspase-3.Treatment with Rg3 significantly inhibited the activa-tion of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway,reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression(IL-6:t=12.34,P＜0.001;TNF-α:t=11.82,P＜0.001;IL-1 β:t=12.96,P＜0.001),and reversed the imbalance between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins.Conclusion This study demonstrates for the first time that ginsenoside Rg3 suppresses LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis in ovarian granulosa cells by inhibiting the TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway.These findings provide important experimental evidence supporting the potential development of Rg3 as a natural therapeutic agent for ovarian inflammatory disorders,such as polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).