不同栽培基质诱导下灵芝转录组响应机制OA

Ganoderma lingzhi was used as the experimental material,and bag cultivation with sterilized substrates combined with de novo transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq)was employed to investigate the regulatory effects of four typical substitute substrates(F1-F4),formulated with different proportions of cottonseed hull,corncob,and miscellaneous wood chips,on gene expression in G.lingzhi fruiting bodies,in order to provide reference for substrate formulation optimization and enhancement of bioactive components in G.lingzhi cultivation.The results showed that a total of 14 929 non-redundant unigenes were obtained from transcriptome sequencing,with high sequencing quality(Q30≥96.13％).Differentially expressed gene(DEG)analysis revealed that 2 649 DEGs were identified in the F1_vs_F2 comparison,representing the most pronounced transcriptional difference among all comparisons;742 DEGs were detected in the F1_vs_F3 comparison,whereas relatively few DEGs were observed in F1_vs_F4 and among F2,F3,and F4 comparisons,indicating that substrate composition exerted significant but group-specific effects on gene expression.Gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis demonstrated that the DEGs were mainly involved in functional categories such asβ-glucosidase activity,glucan metabolism,lignin degradation,and transcriptional regulation.Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis indicated that different substrates predominantly affected secondary metabolic pathways,including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,glycerophospholipid metabolism,and amino acid metabolism.Notably,several genes encoding cellulose/hemicellulose-degrading enzymes(e.g.,β-glucosidase)were significantly upregulated in the corncob-based substrate rich in cellulose,suggesting that this substrate may enhance carbon source utilization and promote the accumulation of polysaccharides and other bioactive components in G.lingzhi.The qRT-PCR validation results were consistent with the RNA-seq expression patterns,confirming the reliability of the transcriptomic data.This study systematically elucidates the transcriptomic characteristics of G.lingzhi in response to substrate variation,particularly in carbohydrate metabolism,lignin degradation,and secondary metabolic pathways.