氮磷钾肥配比与种植密度对组培亳菊大田农艺性状及品质的影响OA

[Objective]This study investigated the impacts of the combination ratios of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers,along with planting density,on the growth and medicinal qualities of the first-and sec-ond-generation tissue-cultured'Boju'plants,aiming to identify the optimal cultivation practices for tissue-cultured'Boju'in the Bozhou region,thereby providing a theoretical foundation for its large-scale production.[Method]Us-ing the first-and second-generation tissue-cultured'Boju'plants as the experimental materials,a four-factor three-level orthogonal experiment was carried out,with nitrogen fertilizer(A),phosphorus fertilizer(B),potassium fertilizer(C),and planting density(D)as the experimental factors.The research focused on the agronomic traits,yield,and medicinal qualities of'Boju',including chlorogenic acid,luteolin-7-O-glucoside,3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid,total phenolics,and total flavonoids.[Result]Both the first-and second-generation seedlings of'Boju'exhibited the maximum plant height,crown width,and stem diameter(3 000 plants per 667 m²,20 kg N,12.5 kg P,20 kg K).First-generation seedlings reached 68.5 cm in height,60.98 cm in crown width,and 11.47 mm in stem diameter,while second-generation seedlings showed significantly greater values(104.30 cm,98.5 cm,and 23.82 mm,respec-tively).The highest yield of tissue-cultured'Boju'first-generation seedlings was observed in 4 000 plants per 667 m²,30 kg N,12.5 kg P,15 kg K,achieving a dried flower yield of 59.36 kg,which represented a 96%increase on aver-age compared to other groups.For second-generation seedlings,4 000 plants per 667 m²,15 kg N,15 kg P,20 kg K exhibited the highest yield,producing 116.06 kg of dried flowers,outperforming other groups by 30%.Notably,the second-generation seedlings significantly surpassed first-generation seedlings in yield,with a 96%enhancement.All chrysanthemum met Anhui TCM Standards(2022).The treatment with 3 000 plants per 667 m² combined with 15 kg N,10 kg P,and 15 kg K was conducive to improving the medicinal quality of'Boju'without significant differences ob-served between the two generations.[Conclusion]The first-generation tissue-cultured'Boju'seedlings showed superi-or adaptability to high nitrogen-phosphorus fertilization ratios,with the optimal cultivation combination being 4 000 plants per 667 m² supplemented with 30 kg N,12.5 kg P,and 15 kg K.Conversely,the second-generation tis-sue-cultured seedlings demonstrated enhanced performance under high potassium-phosphorus fertilization schemes,achieving optimal growth at 4 000 plants per 667 m² with 15 kg N,15 kg P,and 20 kg K fertilizers.Regarding growth indicators and yield,the second-generation seedlings show significant advantages over the first-generation and are therefore more suitable for large-scale promotion and cultivation.