茶树钾素营养研究进展及展望OA

[Significance]This study aimed to elucidate the physiological functions and regulatory mechanisms of potassium nutrition in tea plants,identify research gaps,and provide theoretical supports for precise fertilization in tea plantations,thereby promoting the high-quality development of the tea industry.[Progress]This article systemati-cally reviews research progress on potassium nutrition in tea plants from the following dimensions:the distribution and utilization status of potassium in Chinese tea garden soils;the impact of potassium on tea plant growth and devel-opment;the interactive effects between potassium and other elements;the regulation of potassium on tea yield and quality;and the role of potassium in tea plant stress resistance.Key findings include:the total potassium content in Chinese tea plantation soils generally exhibits a trend of being higher in the north than in the south and higher in the west than in the east,with significant regional differences in available potassium effectiveness.Soil acidification and leaching are identified as core bottlenecks constraining potassium utilization.Studies confirm that potassium signifi-cantly promotes root and shoot growth in tea plants by fostering root extension,increasing root surface area,and en-hancing photosynthetic efficiency.The synergistic and antagonistic interactions between potassium and elements such as magnesium,nitrogen,and phosphorus are clarified;for instance,high potassium levels inhibit magnesium uptake,while an appropriate potassium-to-nitrogen ratio promotes nitrogen metabolism.Potassium plays a significantrole in increasing tea yield(by promoting new shoot growth and improving photosynthetic efficiency)and optimizing quality components(such as free amino acids,caffeine,and aroma compounds),with its regulatory effects on the sensory quality varying specifically for different tea types.The mechanisms by which potassium enhances stress resistance in tea plants,through maintaining cellular potassium homeostasis and bolstering antioxidant capacity,among other pathways,are revealed.[Prospect]Future research should focus on key scientific issues,including:elucidating the molecular mechanisms of potassium absorption and transport;investigating the synergistic and antagonistic mecha-nisms between potassium and medium/trace elements;establishing a multi-scale,precise potassium fertilization tech-nology system;screening potassium-efficient genotypes and analyzing their stress resistance mechanisms;and deeply integrating potassium management with green production practices.Leveraging cutting-edge technologies to explore the potential roles of potassium will support precise fertilization and sustainable development in tea plantations.