喀什"新新2号"核桃油组成特征及其在HepG2细胞中调节脂质代谢与抗氧化活性评价OA

[Objective]This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of Kashgar'Xinxin 2'walnut oil and evaluate its potential to regulate lipid metabolism and exert antioxidant effects.[Methods]Chromatographic techniques were used to analyze the fatty acid profile and the contents of minor bioactive components in Kashgar'Xinxin 2'walnut oil.A lipid accumulation model was established in HepG2 cells.Intracellular lipid droplet formation was observed by oil red O staining,and relevant lipid metabolism and oxidative stress markers were determined.[Results]The relative content of unsaturated fatty acids in Kashgar'Xinxin 2'walnut oil was 91.01%,with linoleic acid,oleic acid,and α-linolenic acid accounting for 62.70%,14.30%,and 14.01%,respectively,yielding an ω6/ω3 ratio of 4.48∶1.The oil was also rich in tocopherols(27.06 mg/100 g),phytosterols(332.00 mg/100 g),squalene(86.00 mg/100 g),and polyphenols(6.79 mg/100 g).Treatment with a high dose(500 μg/mL)of the walnut oil significantly inhibited intracellular lipid droplet formation in HepG2 cells,with inhibition rates of 42.19%,42.21%,71.96%,and 76.57%for total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and malondialdehyde(MDA),respectively.Conversely,the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)increased to 4.55,3.15,and 5.10 times those of the model group,respectively.[Conclusion]Kashgar'Xinxin 2'walnut oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids and various minor bioactive components,and it demonstrates significant potential in regulating lipid metabolism and exerting antioxidant effects at the cellular level,suggesting its promise as a novel healthy edible oil capable of modulating lipid metabolism.